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Rare earth free permanent magnet motor technology: industrial chain reconstruction and cost revolution
The scarcity and price fluctuations of rare earth resources have made rare earth free permanent magnet motors a hot research and development topic in the industry. Tesla's next generation electric motors have completely abandoned rare earth materials and adopted iron nitride (Fe ₁₆ N ₂) permanent magnets, which have performance similar to neodymium iron boron (NdFeB) and reduce costs by 30%
Release time:
2025-11-19 17:17
The scarcity and price fluctuations of rare earth resources have made rare earth free permanent magnet motors a hot research and development topic in the industry. Tesla's next generation electric motors have completely abandoned rare earth materials and adopted iron nitride (Fe ₁₆ N ₂) permanent magnets, which have performance similar to neodymium iron boron (NdFeB) and reduce costs by 30%. The magnetic energy product of iron nitride permanent magnets can reach over 50 MGOe, meeting the performance requirements of mid to high end motors. It is expected that the substitution rate in the fields of wind power and industrial motors will reach 25% by 2030.
The research and development of rare earth free motors not only reduces dependence on rare earth resources, but also promotes the restructuring of the industrial chain. Domestic enterprises have made breakthroughs in the preparation technology of iron nitride magnets, and Baotou Rare Earth Research Institute has achieved pilot scale mass production. The consistency and stability of magnets have reached the international advanced level. In addition to the innovation of permanent magnet materials, the topology structure of the motor is also being optimized synchronously. Through optimized design, the efficiency of the switched reluctance motor still exceeds 90% at 50% load, and it does not rely on rare earth materials at all. It has been widely applied in the fields of commercial vehicles and engineering machinery. The popularization of rare earth free motors will significantly reduce motor manufacturing costs, enhance the global competitiveness of China's motor industry, and provide support for carbon neutrality goals. It is expected that for every 10000 tons of rare earth permanent magnets replaced, carbon emissions can be reduced by about 50000 tons.
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